Map 1.1, “Migration Routes into the Americas,” is a map of North America using arrows to show possible migration routes thousands of years ago. The six blue arrows represent possible coastal migration routes between 15,000 and 20,000 years ago. Using present-day locations in this description, the first route was from northern Alaska to northern Washington state, the second was from Vancouver to southern California, the third was from the northern Baja peninsula of Mexico to the central west coast of Mexico, the fourth was from the central west coast of Mexico to Nicaragua, the fifth was from the central east coast of Mexico to Louisiana, and the sixth was from Georgia to North Carolina. The nine red arrows represent possible land migration routes around 14,000 years ago. Again using present-day locations, the first was from Asia across the Bering Land Bridge (now the Bering Strait) down to northern Mexico, the second branched off from northern Alaska to northern Washington state, the third branched off from Montana to Idaho, the fourth branched off from Wyoming to Nevada, the fifth branched off from Wyoming to New York, the sixth extended from northern Mexico to southern Mexico, and the seventh branched off from southern Mexico to Colombia. The map also indicates glacial regions in white, which constituted northern Asia, Alaska, all of Canada, and the northern portion of the United States, and it identifies once exposed land regions in gray, which constituted the Bering Land Bridge and most of the coastal United States, Canada, and Central America.